ANTIBIOTICS

| Amphotericin B | Bacitracin | Gentamycin | Kanamycin | Neomycin | Partricin | Penicillin | Polymyxin B | Streptomycin |

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ANTIBIOTICS – LIQUID* AND POWDERED**

*Storage: ≤-20°C (except Gentamycin)

**Storage: +2 - +8:⁰C

Cell culture media provide an ideal environment also for rods such as bacteria and fungi. Basically, cell cultures can be protected against contamination by strict adherence to sterile technique; but only the discovery of antibiotics made advanced cell culture possible. However, as antibiotics have a toxic potential, their dosage must closely be monitored. To avoid cross contamination, and to monitor sterility, it is strongly recommended to run cell cultures antibiotics free from time to time.

Antibiotics have a limited shelf life of 3-5 days at 37°C.

Mode of action

1. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis, cell wall lysis: Bacitracin, Vancomycin

2. Interference with cell wall permeability: Amphotericin B, Polymyxin, Nystatin

3. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis: Tetracyclines, Aminoglycoside (Gentamycin, Kanamycin, Streptomycin)

4. Blocking of DNA subunit synthesis: Neomycin

antibiotic	spectrum	cytotoxic	suitable	stability (d)
		concentration	concentration	at 37 °C
		μg/ml	μg/ml
Gentamycin (-sulphate)	gram positives	3000	100	5
aminoglycosid-	gram positives
antibiotic	mycoplasma
Kanamycin	gram positives	10000	100	5
aminoglycosid-	gram negatives
antibiotic	mycoplasma
Polymyxin B (-sulphate)	gram positives	3000	50	5
polypeptide-antibiotic
Amphotericin B	fungi, yeast	30	2.5	3
polyen antibiotic	mycoplasma
Neomycin	gram positives	3000	50	3
aminoglycoside-	gram negatives
antibiotic	mycoplasma
Bacitracin	gram positives
polypeptide antibiotic
Penicillin		10000	100U/ml	3
benzyl-penicillin-G sodium	gram positives
Streptomycin (-sulphate)	gram positives	20000	100	3
aminoglycoside-antibiotic	gram negatives

AMPHOTERICIN B

Polyen antibiotic C₄₆H₇₃NO₂₀, molecular weight 960.10; efficient against both fungi and yeast contaminations. By complexing with sodium-desoxycholate in phosphate buffer, the low water solubility is improved. Because of precipitations which might occur after freezing and thawing, the liquid preparation is stored at +2 - +8°C and is stable under these conditions for 3 months.

	Cat. No.	Unit	Dosage
Amphotericin B	A2612	50 ml	250 ug/ml
	A2610*	1 x (6 x 5 ml)

* Lyophilized: reconstitute with 5 ml of sterilized and bi-distilled water

PARTRICIN

Storage: ≤-20°C

The polyene antimycotic Partricin A (C₅₉H₈₀O₁₉N₂) is obtained from the fermentation broths of Streptomyces aureofaciens NRRL3878.

The hydrosoluble salt of Partricin A (N-dimethylaminoacetyl-partricinA-2-dimethylami-noethylarriide-diascorbate; C₇₉H₁₁₂O₃₁N₅; mol wt 1627,81; SPK-834) shows potent and highly specific fungicidal activity. The substance has proven to be less hemolytic, and less toxic, if compared to the widely used Amphotericin B. The fungicidal properties have been tested under various cell culture conditions.

Partricin A is used as a 100 x concentrated supplement.

Working concentration: 0.5 ug/ml

	Cat. No.	Unit	Dosage
Patricin (fungicide)	A2812	50 ml	50 μg/ml

GENTAMYCIN (-SULPHATE) Aminoglycoside antibiotic

Storage: +2 - +8°C

Metabolic product of Micromonospora purpurea and Micromonospora echinospora. Mixture of 3 closely related components: C₁ (approx. 40%), C₂ (approx, 40%), and C_1a (approx. 20%). Gentamycin has a broad effectivity.

	Cat. No.	Unit	Dosage
Gentamycin (-Sulphate)	A2710*	1 x (6 x 5 ml)	10 mg/ml
	A2712	50 ml	10 mg/ml
	A271-23	2.5 g
	A271-25	10 g
	A271-26	25 g

* Lyophilized: reconstitute with 5 ml of sterilized and bi-distilled water

G 418-BC Selective antibiotic

For Molecular Research and Gene Transfer

Storage +2 - +8°C

Selective aminoglycoside antibiotic, routinely used in molecular genetic research, and gene transfer.

	Cat. No.	Unit
G 418-BC, crystalline, non sterile (G 418 sulphate), selective antibiotic 10g, activity >450µg/mg; to be dissolved in distilled water and sterile filtered; storage at +15 - +30°C (prepared solution +2 - +8°C)	A 291-25	10g
G 418-BC, liquid, sterile; 50mg/ml in distilled water; 50ml ready-to-use solution; dilute according to application; storage up to 24 months at +2 - +8°C)	A 2912	50ml

KANAMYCIN

Aminoglycoside antibotic made from Streplomyces kanamyceticus. Mixture from 95 % Kanamycin A and 5 % Kanamycin B +C. Kanamycin A sulphate, C₁₈ H₃₆ N₄ O₁₁-H₂S0₄ MW 582.58.

1.2 g Kanamycin sulphate = 1 g of Kanamycin base.

	Cat. No.	Unit	Dosage
Kanamycin	A2512	50 ml	5 mg/ml

MYnoX^® mycoplasma elimination reagent

Storage +2 - +8°C

Mycoplasma contamination is a common, and serious thread in cell culture. Mycoplasma will interfere with cell proliferation through competition for nutrients, and cell toxic effects.

Once tested positive for mycoplasma, cell cultures have to be discharged, since treatment with conventional antibiotics can not successfully be done with sufficient results.

With a few exceptions, Mynox^® proves to be a universal cure; hovewer, its prophylactic addition on to the culture media is not recommended.

Mynox^® Mycoplasma Elimination Reagent:

• Kills mycoplasma in a direct way; conventional antibiotics would only inhibit the metabolism of mycoplasma
• Acts in a biophysical way; emergence of resistant strains is, therefore, most unlikely
• Acts fast, and requires only one treatment. The cure only requires one hour; mycoplasma will then be eliminated through media change, and dilution
• Is highly effective, with a success rate of over 90%
• Will not influence cell characteristics
• Has a low toxicity level with only minor losses in eukaryotic cells
• Has proved to be successful with different types of cells, including anchorage dependent cells such as Vero, BHK21, GBK, ML, Hep2, 293, CRFK, and also suspension cells H9, Molt4, MT-4, Jurkat, and finally virus SHV-1, BHV-1, VSV, SFV, FCV, MEV
• Will effectively eliminate all relevant mycoplasma species, including M. orale, M. hyorhinis, M. laidlawii, M. arginini, M. fermentans, and also other typical mycoplasma contaminations
• Easy to use; dissolved in physiological saline, Mynox can be used in every cell culture laboratory; an attached, detailed protocol describes easy handling with different sample material

	Cat. No.	Unit
Mynox^® Mycoplasma Elimination Reagent	WMYN-200 WMYN-500 WMYN-1000	2 treatments 5 treatments 10 treatments

POLYMYXIN B (-SULPHATE)

approx. 6.000 - 8.000 IU/mg

Polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillus polymyxa; polymyxin is only active against gram-negative bacteria.

	Cat.No.	Unit
Polymyxin B (-Sulphate)	A231-40	5 Mio. IU

NEOMYCIN / BACITRACIN

1 mg/50 IU/ml

Neomycin

Aminoglycoside antibiotic from Streptomyces fradiae. Mixture derived from approx- 90 % Neomycin B (Framycetin) and approximately 10 % Neomycin C. Neomycin has a broad activity spectrum.

Bacitracin

approximately 60.000 -65.000 IU/g. Polypeptide antibiotic from Bacillus licheniformis. Mixture from 5 chemically similar components of the bacitracins A, B, D. E and F. Bacitracin A (C₆₆H₁₀₃N₁₇O₁₆S. MW 1422.72) makes up 70 % thereof. Bacitracin is predominantly potent against gram-positive bacteria.

	Cat.No.	Unit
Neomycin / Bacitracin	A2412	50 ml

PENICILLIN / STREPTOMYCIN

10.000 IU/10.000 μg/ml

Penicillin

C₁₆H₁₇N₂NaO₄S. MW 356.40 approximately 1.650 IU/mg. 1 Mio IU=599 mg. Benzyl-penicillin sodium salt, penicillin G sodium salt, biosynthetic amino acid-antibiotic. Penicillin is predominantly potent against gram-positive bacteria.

Streptomycin (-Sulphate)

(C₂₁H₃₉N₇O₁₂)₂-3H₂SO₄. MW 1457.40

Aminoglycoside antibotic derived from Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin sulphate has a wide range of action.

	Cat.No.	Unit
Penicillin / Streptomycin	A2210*	1 x (6 x 5 ml)
10.000 IU/10.000 μg/ml	A2212	50 ml
	A2213	100 ml
Penicillin	A321-42	25 Mio IU
	A321-44	100 Mio IU
Streptomycin (-Sulphate)	A331-26	25 g
	A331-27	100 g

*lyophilized: reconstitute with 5 ml of sterilized and bi-distilled water

· Antibiotic solutions are 100 x concentrated. If not otherwise indicated, the above antibiotics are dissolved in physiological saline.

· Amount of antibiotics to be used: 1 ml/100 ml of medium.